Financial Services / Credit Services

Visa Inc. (V)

$317.32
-1.69%
$620.7B
Market Cap
28.5
P/E Ratio
0.78
Beta
0.82%
Dividend Yield
Piotroski 6/9Altman Z 7.2 SafeBeneish M -2.62 CleanROIC−WACC +20.7%

Quantitative Summary

Deterministic

Visa Inc.'s P/E of 28.5 is above its sector average (19.2x), though accompanied by a 20.7% economic spread (ROIC − WACC). Financial health is average: Piotroski 6/9, Altman Z 7.2. DCF fair value of $204 implies 34% downside based on model assumptions.

Generated deterministically from quant metrics and financial statements. Not a recommendation.

Algorithmic Teardown

AI-Generated

Visa Inc. demonstrates exceptional fundamental quality, characterized by a robust ROIC-WACC spread of +20.8% that signals highly efficient capital deployment well above the cost of equity. The DuPont decomposition reveals an ROE of 52.9%, driven primarily by expansive net margins at 50.1% rather than leverage or asset turnover, while gross margins remain elevated at 80.4%. This operational resilience is corroborated by strong integrity metrics: a Beneish M-Score of -2.62 indicates low earnings manipulation risk, and an Altman Z-Score of 7.3 suggests minimal distress probability. A Piotroski F-Score of 6/9 further confirms financial strength through positive operating cash flow trends, though it falls short of the maximum score due to specific balance sheet or profit metric fluctuations not detailed here.

Despite these operational strengths, valuation metrics suggest the market has priced in significant growth expectations that may exceed current fundamentals. The stock trades at a P/E multiple of 28.2x, substantially higher than the sector average of 18.4x and implying a long-term free cash flow compound rate of 10.3%. However, discounted cash flow analysis indicates a fair value of $205, which represents a -32.2% downside from current levels, suggesting the premium valuation may not be fully supported by projected cash flows under standard assumptions. This divergence implies that recent price appreciation has likely incorporated optimistic growth scenarios that future performance must validate to sustain multiples.

Risk factor analysis introduces complexity to the risk-reward profile despite underlying profitability factors showing a positive RMW tilt of 0.133. The Fama-French alpha over the annual period stands at -23.87%, indicating underperformance relative to size and value benchmarks, while the HML score of 0.197 confirms a distinct growth-oriented positioning rather than a value tilt. Compounding these statistical headwinds is notable insider selling activity totaling $3.86 million over the past ninety days. While the company maintains superior profitability characteristics compared to peers, the combination of elevated valuation premiums, negative alpha performance, and active insider disposition warrants careful scrutiny regarding future trajectory versus current pricing levels.

Generated by LLM from quantitative data inputs. May contain inaccuracies. Not investment advice.

DCF Sandbox

Interactive
Market Price
$317.32
Fair Value
$203
Implied Upside
-36.1%
$203IMPLIED FAIR VALUEOVERVALUEDOVERUNDER
Growth Rate (Y1–5)7%
-10%20%50%
Discount Rate (WACC)9.6%
5%12.5%20%

5-year two-stage DCF. Terminal growth 3%. Default sliders match the pre-computed base case. Drag to explore scenarios. Not investment advice.

Reverse DCFMarket-Implied
10.7%annual FCF growth priced in at $317.32

The growth rate the market implicitly expects over the next 10 years to justify today's price. Compare with historical growth of 11% YoY revenue.

Sensitivity Matrix

TG ↓ / WACC →7.6%9.6%11.6%
2%$249$182$143
3%$294$204$155
4%$364$233$170

Center = base case. Green = >10% upside, Red = >10% downside vs $317.32.

Pre-computed DCF: WACC=9.6%, terminal growth 3%. Fair value $204 (-34.2%). Not investment advice.

Valuation Context

28.5x
V P/E
19.2x
Sector Avg
30.8x
5Y Avg P/E
+48%
vs Sector

Currently trading 7% below its 5-year average P/E of 30.8x.

Price Chart with Moving Averages

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SMA 50 SMA 200

Technical Setup

AI Generated

Visa (V) is trading below both its 50-day and 200-day simple moving averages, indicating a downward trend with bearish momentum as reflected by the RSI reading in oversold territory but not yet at extreme levels.

RSI (14)
SMA 50
SMA 200

Quant Health Deep Dive

6/9
Piotroski F-Score
Average — mixed operational signals
7.2
Altman Z-Score
Safe Zone — above 3.0 threshold per academic model. Thresholds: >3 safe, 1.8–3 grey, <1.8 distress.
-2.62
Beneish M-Score
Below threshold — no statistical earnings quality concern per Beneish model. Threshold: <-2.22 = below threshold.

Profitability & Value Creation

80.4%
Gross Margin
50.1%
Net Margin
30.3%
ROIC
9.6%
WACC
ROIC − WACC Spread: +20.7%— Positive value creation spread.
+11.3%
Revenue Growth (YoY)
+1.6%
Earnings Growth (YoY)
21.6B
Free Cash Flow
21%
FCF Payout Ratio

✅ Conservative payout — room for dividend increases.

DuPont Analysis — ROE Decomposition

Breaking down Return on Equity to see how the company generates its ROE — efficiency, margins, or leverage.

50.1%
Net Profit Margin
NI ÷ Revenue
×
0.40x
Asset Turnover
Revenue ÷ Assets
×
2.63x
Equity Multiplier
Assets ÷ Equity
=
52.9%
Return on Equity
✅ ROE driven primarily by strong profit margins — a sign of pricing power.

Balance Sheet Health

1.63x
Debt / Equity
1.08x
Current Ratio
42.1x
Interest Coverage
0.1x
Net Debt / EBITDA
3.66%
FCF Yield
26.0B
EBITDA

Insider Activity (Last 90 Days)

Net Insider Flow
-$4M
Net Selling
0
Buy Transactions
2
Sale Transactions
2026-03-11CARNEY LLOYD ASold 3/8 qtrsSale$201,253
2026-02-13MAHON TULLIER KELLYSold 2/8 qtrsOther35,537 shares
2026-02-13FABARA PAUL DSold 5/8 qtrsOther21,322 shares
2026-02-13TANEJA RAJATSold 3/8 qtrsOther35,537 shares
2026-02-13MCINERNEY RYANSold 8/8 qtrsOther11,754 shares

Open-market buys vs sells by company insiders. Source: yfinance.

Earnings Surprise History

Q4
✓ Beat
Est: $2.68
Act: $2.76
+3.0%
Q3
✓ Beat
Est: $2.85
Act: $2.98
+4.7%
Q2
✓ Beat
Est: $2.97
Act: $2.98
+0.3%
Q1
✓ Beat
Est: $3.14
Act: $3.17
+0.9%

EPS estimates vs actuals for the most recent reported quarters. Source: yfinance.

Dividend History

$0.6700
Latest Dividend
$2.44
2025 Total
+13.5%
YoY Growth
9 yrs
Consecutive Increases
Annual Dividends per Share
$0.31
2016
$0.69
2017
$0.88
2018
$1.05
2019
$1.22
2020
$1.33
2021
$1.57
2022
$1.87
2023
$2.15
2024
$2.44
2025
$1.34
2026
DateAmountChange
2026-05-12$0.67000.0%
2026-02-10$0.67000.0%
2025-11-12$0.6700+13.6%
2025-08-12$0.59000.0%
2025-05-13$0.59000.0%
2025-02-11$0.59000.0%
2024-11-12$0.5900+13.5%
2024-08-09$0.52000.0%
2024-05-16$0.52000.0%
2024-02-08$0.52000.0%
2023-11-08$0.5200+15.6%
2023-08-10$0.45000.0%
Stock Splits
2015-03-19: 4:1

Dividend and split data from SEC filings and market data. Amounts are per share, not adjusted for splits. Source: yfinance.

Risk Profile

23.5%
Annual Volatility
-0.43
Sharpe (1Y)
-20.4%
Max Drawdown (5Y)

Sharpe = risk-adjusted return (higher is better). Max drawdown = largest peak-to-trough decline. 1,200+ trading days.

Underwater (Drawdown from Peak)

How far below the all-time high the price has been over time. Deeper = more pain for holders.

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Rolling 60-Day Beta vs S&P 500 (VOO)

How the stock's sensitivity to market moves changes over time. β > 1 = more volatile than the market.

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Rolling Beta Market (β = 1.0)

Fama-French 5-Factor Exposure

Academic factor model decomposition — what's really driving this stock's returns.

0.86
Market β
Mkt-RF
-0.091
Size (SMB)
Neutral
+0.197
Value (HML)
Value tilt
+0.133
Profit (RMW)
Robust
+0.209
Invest (CMA)
Conservative
Alpha (annual): -23.87%
R²: 40.1%of variance explained by 5 factors

Fama-French 5-Factor Model. Data: Kenneth French Data Library. Regression over 3 years of daily returns.

Fundamentals

22.0
Forward P/E
1.69
PEG Ratio
16.29
Price/Book
7M
Avg Volume
$375.51
52W High
$293.89
52W Low
29%
52W Range Position

10-K Risk Factor Expansion

Word count of Item 1A (Risk Factors) across annual filings. Rising counts often signal new regulatory, competitive, or operational risks.

+2.3%
YoY Change (20242025)
12,077
Latest Word Count
+7%
6-Year Total
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025

Smart Money Flow

Institutional 13F filings from top hedge funds. Positions updated quarterly from SEC EDGAR.

FundQuarterShares Change% ChangeAction
Bridgewater Associates2026-Q1-511,325-95.3%Decreased
Renaissance Technologies2026-Q1+454,999+205.2%Increased
Two Sigma Investments2026-Q1+355,368+2485.1%Increased
DE Shaw2026-Q1+355,004+26.3%Increased
Millennium Management2026-Q1-439,003-46.8%Decreased
Point72 Asset Mgmt2026-Q1+15,500+106.9%Increased
Berkshire Hathaway2026-Q1-8,297,460-100.0%Exited
Citadel Advisors2026-Q1+119,800+8.3%Increased
Citadel Advisors2025-Q4-522,900-26.6%Decreased
DE Shaw2025-Q4+879,121+187.3%Increased
Bridgewater Associates2025-Q4-139,457-20.6%Decreased
Point72 Asset Mgmt2025-Q4+2,700+22.9%Increased

Source: SEC 13F-HR filings. 13F data is delayed ~45 days after quarter end. Not investment advice.

Passive Flow Attribution

ETF Draft Effect
$67.0B
Tracked Passive Exposure
8
ETFs Holding V
1.04%
Avg Weight in ETFs
$6.4T
Total ETF AUM

When investors buy or sell ETFs like XLF or IYJ, the fund manager is mechanically forced to buy or sell V shares regardless of Visa Inc.'s individual fundamentals. We estimate $67.0B of passive capital is structurally linked to V through 8 tracked ETFs. This substantial passive exposure means that ETF inflows and outflows — not company fundamentals — can dominate daily volume on this stock.

Passive exposure = Σ (ETF AUM × stock weight in ETF) across 8 tracked ETFs. Actual passive ownership is larger (includes mutual funds). Not investment advice.

ETF Contagion Visualizer

Simulate a price drop in Visa Inc. to visualize passive redemption contagion across ETFs and collateral stocks.

V Shock
-0%
Est. Passive Redemption
$0
Systemic Risk
STABLE
VEpicenterVTIETFVOOETFIVVETFGSHigh RiskJPMHigh RiskBRK.BUnknownCATLow RiskJPMHigh Risk
V Price Drop (%)0

If Visa Inc. (V) experiences a significant drawdown, ETF redemptions can create collateral selling pressure on co-held stocks. Our model identifies GOLDMAN SACHS GROUP INC (GS) as the most exposed collateral stock, sharing 2 ETFs with V. This is the "Passive Contagion" effect described in the Inelastic Market Hypothesis.

Contagion model based on shared ETF exposure and constituent weights across 33 tracked ETFs. Estimated selling pressure is a simplified model — actual impact depends on market liquidity, ETF redemption mechanics, and market-maker activity.

V Ownership Dynamics

Passive funds hold 1 in every 8 V shares, reducing daily market volatility.

Ticker
V
Total Shares
1.7B
ETF Lock-Up
12.7%
Display Mode
Total Float Impact
12.7%Locked Float

Visa Inc. (V) exerts measurable gravity on the passive index market, currently representing 7.5% of the State Street Financial Select Sector SPDR ETF (XLF) and 7.0% of the IYJ (IYJ). Across 31 tracked ETFs, approximately 211M shares (12.7% of float) are held by passive funds and rarely trade on the open market. This level of passive ownership means index rebalances can create outsized volume events.

Float lock-up computed from 31 ETFs tracked by SecuritiesDB. Actual passive ownership is higher (includes mutual funds, pension funds, etc.).

V Institutional Volume Profile

252-day volume distribution by price level. The Point of Control (POC) marks the price where the most institutional volume transacted — an implicit support/resistance floor.

TICKER
V
PRICE
$317.32
FLOOR (POC)
$347.51
STRENGTH
Medium
$296$300$304$308$312$316$317.32$320$3247%$32811%$3328%$3369%$3409%$3449%$348POC 11%$3517%$355$359$363$367$371
Focus Zone
Point of Control (POC) Support (below price) Resistance (above price) Current Price

The highest-volume price zone for Visa Inc. over the past year sits near $347.51 (11% of 252-day volume). The current price of $317.32 sits 8.7% below the POC — suggesting potential mean-reversion upside if institutional demand reasserts at this level.

Volume Profile computed from 252 trading days of OHLCV data. Volume allocated to price bins proportionally based on daily high-low range. Not investment advice.

V Capital Efficiency

How efficiently does Visa Inc. convert operating profits into free cash? The FCF Conversion ratio measures the gap between accounting earnings and real cash generation.

Free Cash Flow
$21.6B
EBITDA
$26.0B
FCF Conversion
83%
Reinvestment Rate
17%
83% of EBITDA → Free Cash
0% (cash burn)25% (low)50% (efficient)100% (pure cash)
ROIC
30.3%
ROIC − WACC Spread
20.7%

Visa Inc. converts 83% of its EBITDA into free cash flow, an exceptional conversion rate indicating an asset-light business model with minimal capital reinvestment drag. The positive ROIC-WACC spread of 20.7% confirms that reinvested capital creates shareholder value.

Capital efficiency = Free Cash Flow ÷ EBITDA. Reinvestment = (EBITDA − FCF) ÷ EBITDA. Metrics from latest annual filings. Not investment advice.

Fails-to-Deliver (FTD) History

SEC-reported settlement failures. Elevated FTDs can indicate high short-selling pressure, operational settlement issues, or naked shorting activity.

DateFailed SharesClose PriceNotional Value
2026-05-147,536$320.31$2.4M
2026-05-1357,333$326.42$18.7M
2026-05-1160$318.79$19,127.4
2026-05-042,659$328.03$872,231.77
2026-05-019,745$329.84$3.2M
2026-04-3048,404$334.86$16.2M
2026-04-289,281$309.65$2.9M
2026-04-242$308.88$617.76
2026-04-23791$311.29$246,230.39
2026-04-203,943$317.02$1.3M
2026-04-1515$311.37$4,670.55
2026-03-2748,585$305.53$14.8M
2026-03-2615$304.91$4,573.65
2026-03-25168$303.76$51,031.68
2026-03-2496$304.44$29,226.24
2026-03-2081,169$299.71$24.3M
2026-03-19500$299.02$149,510
2026-03-17268,651$310.11$83.3M
2026-03-164,126$307.14$1.3M
2026-03-13109,873$306.50$33.7M
2026-03-123,201$308.96$988,980.96
2026-03-042,100$320.83$673,743
2026-03-03108$320.51$34,615.08
2026-03-021,100$320.14$352,154
2026-02-2622$312.99$6,885.78
2026-02-2539,882$307.22$12.3M
2026-02-18490$319.50$156,555
2026-02-121,890$329.24$622,263.6
2026-02-0530,550$329.95$10.1M
2026-01-271,099$328.49$361,010.51

Source: SEC Regulation SHO FTD data. Data is reported with a ~30 day delay. High FTD quantities relative to average daily volume may indicate settlement stress.

Institutional Holdings (13F Filings)

Raw SEC 13F-HR filings from institutional investment managers. Shows exact share counts and portfolio values as reported to the SEC.

FundQuarterSharesValue ($K)
DE Shaw2026-Q11,703,497$514,864,933K
Citadel Advisors2026-Q11,564,900$472,975,376K
Renaissance Technologies2026-Q1676,767$204,545,022K
Millennium Management2026-Q1499,797$151,069,200K
Two Sigma Investments2026-Q1369,668$111,728,456K
Point72 Asset Mgmt2026-Q130,000$9,067,200K
Bridgewater Associates2026-Q125,172$7,607,985K
Berkshire Hathaway2025-Q48,297,460$2,910,002,197K
Citadel Advisors2025-Q41,445,100$506,811,021K
DE Shaw2025-Q41,348,493$472,929,980K
Millennium Management2025-Q4938,800$329,246,548K
Bridgewater Associates2025-Q4536,497$188,154,863K
Renaissance Technologies2025-Q4221,768$77,777,390K
Point72 Asset Mgmt2025-Q414,500$5,085,295K
Two Sigma Investments2025-Q414,300$5,015,153K

Source: SEC 13F-HR filings. Values reported in thousands. 13F data is delayed ~45 days after quarter end.

SEC Comment Letters

SEC correspondence with the company regarding their filings. Comment letters often flag disclosure deficiencies, accounting concerns, or material omissions.

Source: SEC EDGAR correspondence. Comment letters are public records of SEC staff review of company filings.

Price Correlations

Statistical correlation of daily returns with other stocks. High correlations indicate stocks that move together; negative correlations can offer diversification.

Peer252-Day (1Y)126-Day (6M)Direction
WTGXXNaNNaN
MA0.8890.889High co-movement
AXP0.5410.546Moderate
MMC0.5350.446Moderate
MET0.5330.546Moderate
HIG0.5280.562Moderate
ADP0.4980.441Moderate
L0.4940.530Moderate
MRSH0.4850.475Moderate
MCO0.4830.352Moderate

Pearson correlation of daily log returns. 252d ≈ 1 trading year. Computed from price history. Not investment advice.

Compare V to Peers

Quant metrics computed deterministically from financial statements and price data. Updated: 2026-06-02.

SecuritiesDB provides programmatic data aggregation for informational purposes only. None of the metrics, summaries, or algorithmic flags constitute a recommendation to buy or sell any security.